See duc in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
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{
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{
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},
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "dük"
}
],
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}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "duc"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
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"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
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},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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{
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{
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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{
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],
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"borrowed"
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"borrowed"
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
{
"lang": "Breton",
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
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"borrowed"
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{
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"borrowed"
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"borrowed"
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{
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},
{
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},
{
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],
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{
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
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],
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{
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"borrowed"
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"borrowed"
],
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"borrowed"
],
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{
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],
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},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
"lang": "Irish",
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"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
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"borrowed"
],
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{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
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{
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],
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},
{
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{
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{
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"borrowed"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
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"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
{
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{
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],
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{
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"borrowed"
],
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{
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},
{
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{
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],
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
{
"lang": "Breton",
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],
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},
{
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],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
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{
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{
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{
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],
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},
{
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"borrowed"
],
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{
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{
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"borrowed"
],
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
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{
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{
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"borrowed"
],
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{
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"borrowed"
],
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{
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],
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{
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],
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
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},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
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},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
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"borrowed"
],
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},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
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"borrowed"
],
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dwk"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duque"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "dux, ducem"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin dux, ducem",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin dux, ducem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duc oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "dus",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dus",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duc",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "duc oblique singular, m (oblique plural dus, nominative singular dus, nominative plural duc)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 15 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "fro:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "fro",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "fro:Nobility",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"duke (nobleman)"
],
"id": "en-duc-fro-noun-N7CzT2MJ",
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke"
]
]
}
],
"word": "duc"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "dūq",
"word": "دُوق"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "duk",
"word": "دوک"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dük"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "duc"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "duc"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"word": "duc"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "deuk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dewke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "doc"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "douk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "doyk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duck"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
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"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duke"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
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"lang_code": "en",
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},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dux"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duyk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duik"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duic"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dug"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "dwk"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "duque"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "dux, ducem"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin dux, ducem",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin dux, ducem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duc oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "dus",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dus",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duc",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "duc oblique singular, m (oblique plural dus, nominative singular dus, nominative plural duc)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French learned borrowings from Latin",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fro:Male people",
"fro:Nobility"
],
"glosses": [
"duke (nobleman)"
],
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke"
]
]
}
],
"word": "duc"
}
Download raw JSONL data for duc meaning in Old French (11.9kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'duc oblique singular or', originally 'duc oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"duc"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "duc",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'duc oblique singular or', originally 'duc oblique singular or m'",
"path": [
"duc"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "duc",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: 'duc oblique singular or' in 'duc oblique singular, m (oblique plural dus, nominative singular dus, nominative plural duc)'",
"path": [
"duc"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "duc",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.